(二)it用作形式主语 替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。 1. 替代作主语的动词不定式,其句型为: (1) It be adj. (for sb.) to do sth. 此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词:easy、difficult、hard、necessary、unnecessary、possible、impossible、likely、unlikely、right、wrong、important、unimportant、legal、illegal等。 例:It is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car without a license. (2) It be adj. of sb. to do sth. 此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词:kind、unkind、nice、rude、cruel、considerate、thoughtful、thoughtless、careful、careless等。 例:It’s kind of you to help me with the problem. 2. it替代作主语的从句常见句型: (1) It is + n. +从句 例:It is no secret that the president wants to have a second term at office. (2) It is+ adj. +从句 It’s surprising that... (should) ...竟然…… It’s a pity/shame that... (should) ...很遗憾/惭愧…… 例:It’s important that you should apologize to her for your rudeness. =It’s of much importance that you should apologize to her for your rudeness. 你要为你粗鲁的行为向她道歉,这很重要。 (3) It is v-ed that…=sb./sth. is to do (verb=say, report, think, believe, hope, expect, agree, accept, decide, determine, intend, plan, understand, know) 例:It is said that the couple have gotten divorced.=The couple are said to have gotten divorced. 据说,这对夫妻离婚了。 (6) It is v-ed that...(should)… (verb=demand, request, require, order, suggest, advise, recommend) 例:It is suggested that they should begin with the third question. 我们建议,他们以第三个问题开始!
(三)it作主语的句型 1. It takes sb. … to do…(=sb. takes…to do…) 某人用多长时间做某事 例:It took the man a week to mend our roof.= The man took a week to mend our roof. 这个男人花了一周时间修补我们的房顶。 2. It’s (just)(un)like sb. to do…(不)像某人做某事的风格 例:It was (just) like him to think of helping us. 想到帮助我们像他的做事风格。 3. It’s (about/high) time that… should /v-ed…是该做某事的时候了 例:It’s(about/high) time that we should take action. 我们是时候采取行动了。 4. It’s the x-th time (that) … have v-ed…第几次做某事了 例:It’s the third time that he has failed the driving test. 这是他第三次驾照考试失败。 5. It is/has been... since...continuous v-ed(延续性动词) 某动作已有多长时间不发生了 例:It's ten years since he lived here. 他已经有10年不住在这里了。 6. It was(not)… before…过(不)了多长时间某动作发生了 例:It was not long before they arrived. 过不了多久他们就会到了。
(四)it 作形式宾语 用来替代作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。 it 作形式宾语的常见句型: 1. verb+ it+ adj./noun (for/of) to do/clause (verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep…) 例:I think it hard for you to do the task on your own./I think it hard that you’ll do the task on your own. 2. verb+it+adj./noun (one’s) doing (adj.=useless/worth/worthwhile)(noun=no use/no good/worth one’s while/a waste of time /money/energy/words) (verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep...) 例:I’ll make it worth your while telling me about his secret. 3.verb+it+important/unimportant/necessary/unnecessary/natural/essential that...(should)… verb +it +of much/great/no/little importance that...(should)... (verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep...) 例:I think it important that you (should) attend the conference. 4. verb + it+ as+ noun/adj.+ clause (verb=accept, regard, take, see, view) 例:The lecturer takes it as encouraging when so many students attend his lecture. 更多考博经验以及考博真题请大家关注华慧考博:www.hhkaobo.com 全国专业考博英语辅导机构。及时为大家更新全国各大院校博士招生简章,收集完善各院校考博英语真题、考博专业课真题等重要考博讯息。专业考博英语辅导团队精心为您打造考博英语复习计划,助力广大考生顺利登岸!