例1 Never when controversy avoided the subjects which are large and important enough to kindle enthusiasm was the mind of a people stirred up from its foundation and the impulse given which raised even persons of the most ordinary intellect to something of the dignity of thinking beings. (西北工业大学2008年阅读) 【结构分析】这是一句以Never否定词开头的倒装句,正常的句序应把never放在句中,形成:the mind of people was never stirred up from its foundations. 【参考译文】当辩论避开重大课题,重大到足以燃起人们热情的课题时,那么一个民族的思想绝不会从天赋的情感和原始的基础上升华,甚至使最普通智力的人上升到有点庄严的思想家水平上。
例2 "A lot of people forget they have it, or they think that by waiting until they're 65, they'll have a bigger benefit," says Wayne Bogosian, president of the PFE Group, which provides corporate pre-retirement education. (北京师范大学2012年阅读) 【结构分析】句子的主干是"..." says Wayne Bogosian;是倒装结构,主语是Wayne Bogosian,谓语动词是says,引号内是宾语;president of the PFE Group是主语的同位语;which provides corporate pre-retirement education.是the PFE Group的定语从句。 【参考译文】PFE集团提供企业退休前教育,该集团的总裁Wayne Bogosian说“很多人都忘记了他们有养老金,或者他们认为,等到65岁的时候,他们会有更大的好处。”
例3 But buried deep in an AP story are a couple of promising headlines that seems worthy of more thorough review, including one treatment study where 100 percent of patients saw their cancer diminish by half. (医学统考2015年阅读) 【结构分析】主干是buried deep in an AP story are a couple of promising headlines,这是被动结构的倒装,正常语序是 a couple of promising headlines are buried deep in an AP story,因主语a couple of promising headlines后面的定语很长便采取倒装。that seems worthy of more thorough review是修饰主语的定语从句;including one treatment study是定语修饰a couple of promising headlines that seems worthy of more thorough review;where 100 percent of patients saw their cancer diminish by half是定语从句修饰one treatment study。 【参考译文】但是,在美联社的报道中,有几篇报道似乎值得更深入地回顾,其中包括一项治疗研究,其中100%的病人发现自己的癌症减少了一半。