为帮助考生更直观地理解解题步骤和方法,现以广西大学一篇真题为例,进行深入讲解: Unemployment in the West: The quest for jobs It is not __1__ for politicians to reduce theWest’s frighteningly high unemployment levels. A LITTLE geographical imagination helps to convey the scale of joblessness in the West. If the 44m people who are __2__ in the mainly rich members of the OECD lived in one country, its population would be similar to __3__. In Spain itself, which has the West’s highest joblessrate (21%), the number of people __4__ work matches the combined population of Madridand Barcelona. In America the 14m people officially jobless would __5__ the fifth-most-populousstate in the union. Add in the 11m “underemployed”, who are working less than they would like,and it is the size of Texas. The landscape is not uniformly bleak. Germany, for example, now has a __6__ jobless rate than before the financial crisis. But in most of the rich world the __7__ of people unemployed, though down a bit from its peak in 2009, __8__ still alarmingly high, even as fearsmount that several countries may be slipping back into recession. And the human cost of theeconomic crisis is paid largely __9__ those who are out of work, for joblessness increasesdepression, divorce, substance abuse and pretty much everything that can go __10__ in a life. Worse, today’s joblessness is a particularly dangerous sort. A disproportionate share of those out of work are young, and youth unemployment leaves more scars, in terms of lower future wages and greater likelihood of future unemployment
第一步:仔细阅读全文的第1句(或前1-3句),以及每段的第1句,以把握文章的中心和结构。 根据文章标题,可知此文章主要讨论西方国家的失业情况。文章第一段指出对于政客们来说,降低西方国家令人为之恐惧的高失业率并不是不可能的。紧接着第二段第一句指出一张小的地理图片便能有助于映射出西方国家的失业情况。然后第三段首句指出情况并不都是惨不忍睹的。最后一段首句指出当今的失业是一个特别危险的因素。 第二步:逐句细读文章,注意上下句之间的逻辑关系,能填则填。 第1空:填impossible。根据句型:It is...for sb. to do sth.可知,此处缺少一个形容词。整篇文章都在谈及高失业率的现状,以及根据句意“对于政客们来说,降低西方国家令人为之恐惧的高失业率并不是.....”可以填入“impossible不可能”,从整体意思上表示“改善目前高失业率现状的期望”。 第2空:填unemployed。此处是定语从句修饰“4m people”,而且空格处应该是形容词。根据前文谈及的joblessness失业;无活可干”可推知,此处应该修饰的是“失业人群”,故空格处可填入“unemployed失业的;待业的;下岗的”。 第3空:填Spain’s。根据后文“In Spain itself就西班牙本身而言”可知,前面谈及的国家现状应该就是“西班牙”的现状。再者,根据前后对应结构,应该是“失业人口”和“西班牙人口”的相似比,故填入Spain’s,表示“西班牙的人口”。 第4空:填without。根据前文“In Spain itself, which has the West's highest jobless rate(21%)...就西班牙本身而言却有着西方国家最高的失业率,达到21%.....”可知,此处应该表示“许多人没有工作”,此外空格后面是名词,故填入介词“without”符合句法结构和句意。 第5空:填form。“In America the 14m people officially jobless would...the fifth-most-populous state in the union.在美国,官方统计的失业人口为 1400 万,足以....该国的第五大州。”根据该句的前后例子可知,此处应该也表示“相当于或组成”之意,故填入 form 体现空格前后的包含范围。 第6空:填lower。根据后面的 than 可知,此处应该填形容词比较级结构,修饰“jobless rate失业率”。此句是以德国为例,解释前文“The landscape is not uniformly bleak.西方这景象也不全是这么惨淡。”故填入“lower”表示“低失业率”。 第7空:填proportion/number。此处是修饰“people employed失业人群”,谓语动词是“is still alarmingly high 仍然居高不下”,因此,此处可以填入“number人数”或“proportion比例”。 第8空:填is。根据句法结构,此空格应该填入主句的谓语动词,而且空格后面是副词和形容词,所以,此处应该是系动词。再者,此句的主语是“proportion比例”,是不可数名词,而且本句属于现在时态,故空格处填入is。 第9空:填by。空格前面是谓语动词的被动语态,副词修饰动词,因此,空格后面是该动作的实施者,故填入介词 by。 第10空:填wrong。that 修饰 everything 做定语从句的主语,而且,根据并列连词and的之前的内容“抑郁症状增加,离婚率上升,滥用物质”可知,everything应该也是属于负面的东西,再者,根据搭配填入wrong,构成“go wrong”表示误入歧途。 第三步:选读文章,寻找线索,完成第2步未完成的题。 第2步已经把所有的空格填完,故此步可以跳过。